Isothermal mixes are important in a range of isothermal amplification applications, including whole genome amplification, point-of-care assay development and testing, and strand displacement amplification for synthetic biology. However, a common issue with isothermal mixes is non-specific amplification — where primers bind to unintended DNA targets — because amplification often takes place at a fixed temperature which may favour non-specific primer interactions, contrary to PCR. Isothermal mixes can also lead to primer dimer formation, where primers associate with each other and are extended by the polymerase.